Rejection sensitive dysphoria (RSD) is an intense emotional response caused by perpetual perceptions that we have disappointed others and because of our behavior they will withdraw their love, approval, or respect. RSD commonly occurs in connection to ADHD, causing extreme emotional pain. Often the emotional reaction is not in response to actual rejection, just a hypersensitive …
Reciprocal Determinism is an essential part of Albert Bandura’s social learning theory. Reciprocal determinism describes the dynamic interlocking interaction between behavior, environments, and personal factors. Bandura opposed current “unidirectional causal models emphasizing either environmental or internal determinants of behavior” (1978). Theories of behavior preceding surrounding reciprocal determinism provided a new approach to studying behavior in …
Harry Stack Sullivan (1953) developed the concept of a “self-system,” which he defined as an individual’s collection of self-perceptions. The self-system actively protects pre-existing perceptions of the self, working as a filter of new information. The self-system protects through a process of “selective inattention.” Sullivan’s self-system makes evasive cognitive maneuvers, allowing a person to maintain …
Self-efficacy in psychology refers to our perception of personal capacity or ability to perform behaviors necessary for achieving specific goals. Our efficacy reflects confidence in our ability to exert control over motivation, behavior, and social environment. Perceived evaluations of self-efficacy impact our experience, influencing which goals we set, the amount of energy we expend towards achieving …
Cognitive reappraisal involves cognitively reframing an event, altering the emotional experience of the triggering event. Cognitive reappraisal is a emotional regulation technique often taught in cognitive behavioral therapy and other therapeutic practices. A component of many theories of emotions is appraisal. We subjectively appraise situations, infusing external stimuli with memories, creating a story. We draw upon …
