Category: Article
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Read more: Minimal Group ParadigmThe Minimal Group Paradigm (MGP) illustrates how arbitrary group categorizations can lead to ingroup favoritism and outgroup discrimination, highlighting psychological roots of intergroup conflict. Developed by Henri Tajfel in the 1970s, the paradigm shows that…
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Read more: Pluralistic Ignorance
Pluralistic ignorance is a pervasive yet invisible phenomenon where individuals privately reject a norm but assume others accept it, leading to conformity. It perpetuates societal norms, affects decision-making, and impacts behaviors. Open communication and critical…
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Read more: Contact Hypothesis
The Contact Hypothesis posits that intergroup contact can reduce prejudice and improve relations. Proposed by Gordon W. Allport in 1954, it emphasizes the importance of equal status, common goals, and cooperation between groups. Empirical evidence…
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Read more: Bystander Effect
The bystander effect, rooted in psychology, reveals that individuals are less likely to assist a victim when others are present. Influenced by social, cognitive, and individual factors, this phenomenon was first studied after the murder…
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Read more: Bion’s Basic-Assumption Group
Wilfred Bion’s basic-assumption theory delves into group dynamics, revealing unconscious assumptions like dependency, pairing, and fight-or-flight, shaping group behavior. These assumptions influence how groups function, posing potential dangers like groupthink and loss of individual identity.…
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Read more: Group Development Stages (Tuckman Model)
The Tuckman Model, introduced in 1965, outlines group development stages: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning. The model offers a lens to observe the evolution of groups, from initial uncertainty to success. It has enduring…
